Norfolk Southern Corp. (NSC) intrinsic value & 10-year financials
Norfolk Southern Corp. (NSC) has a Graham intrinsic value of $269.50 per share. At $326.92 on Oct 17, 2026, the stock trades 21% above that value. Over the last 10 fiscal years revenue grew 2.3% a year to $12.2B, with an average return on invested capital of 11.7%.
- Graham intrinsic value
- $269.50
- Share price (Oct 17, 2026)
- $326.92
- Price vs Graham value
- 21% above
- Market cap
- $73.7B
- Revenue (FY2025)
- $12.2B
- Revenue growth (10-yr CAGR)
- 2.3%
- ROIC (10-yr avg)
- 11.7%
- Free cash flow (FY2025)
- $2.2B
NSC 10-year financial history
| Fiscal year | Revenue | Net income | EPS (diluted) | Free cash flow | Operating margin | ROIC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 | $12.2B | $2.9B | $12.75 | $2.2B | 35.8% | 11.4% |
| FY2024 | $12.1B | $2.6B | $11.57 | $1.7B | 33.6% | 11.1% |
| FY2023 | $12.2B | $1.8B | $8.02 | $830.0M | 23.5% | 8.1% |
| FY2022 | $12.7B | $3.3B | $13.88 | $2.3B | 37.7% | 14.4% |
| FY2021 | $11.1B | $3.0B | $12.11 | $2.8B | 39.9% | 13.3% |
| FY2020 | $9.8B | $2.0B | $7.84 | $2.1B | 30.7% | 9.1% |
| FY2019 | $11.3B | $2.7B | $10.25 | $1.9B | 35.3% | 12.0% |
| FY2018 | $11.5B | $2.7B | $9.51 | $1.8B | 34.6% | 12.1% |
| FY2017 | $10.6B | $5.4B | $18.61 | $1.5B | 34.0% | 15.7% |
| FY2016 | $9.9B | $1.7B | $5.62 | $1.1B | 31.1% | 9.4% |
Source: annual 10-K filings on SEC EDGAR. Figures in USD.
Executive summary
Norfolk Southern has demonstrated mature, steady growth, with revenue compounding at 2.3% annually over the past decade.
Norfolk Southern returns on capital have been average, hovering around 11.7% ROIC over the decade.
Over the decade, Norfolk Southern shows that management has aggressively returned capital to shareholders by retiring 23.9% of outstanding shares, and that the company has leveraged its balance sheet to sustain operations.
Benjamin Graham lens
Under Benjamin Graham's formula using SEC EDGAR fundamentals, Norfolk Southern is modeled at 8.0% normalized earnings growth with a 5.1% bond-yield adjustment. The resulting Graham intrinsic value estimate is $269.50 per share.