Mastercard Inc. (MA) intrinsic value & 10-year financials

Mastercard Inc. (MA) has a Graham intrinsic value of $548.72 per share. At $617.42 on Oct 17, 2026, the stock trades 13% above that value. Over the last 10 fiscal years revenue grew 13.2% a year to $32.8B, with an average return on invested capital of 90.2%.

Graham intrinsic value
$548.72
Share price (Oct 17, 2026)
$617.42
Price vs Graham value
13% above
Market cap
$559.4B
Revenue (FY2025)
$32.8B
Revenue growth (10-yr CAGR)
13.2%
ROIC (10-yr avg)
90.2%
Free cash flow (FY2025)
$17.2B

MA 10-year financial history

Fiscal year Revenue Net income EPS (diluted) Free cash flow Operating margin ROIC
FY2025 $32.8B $15.0B $16.52 $17.2B 57.6% 90.2%
FY2024 $28.2B $12.9B $13.89 $14.3B 55.3% 83.4%
FY2023 $25.1B $11.2B $11.83 $11.6B 55.8% 80.4%
FY2022 $22.2B $9.9B $10.22 $10.8B 55.2% 73.2%
FY2021 $29.8B $8.7B $8.76 $9.1B 33.8% 70.5%
FY2020 $23.6B $6.4B $6.37 $6.9B 34.2% 75.2%
FY2019 $25.0B $8.1B $7.94 $7.8B 38.7% 122.8%
FY2018 $21.8B $5.9B $5.60 $5.9B 33.4% 118.4%
FY2017 $12.5B $3.9B $3.65 $5.3B 53.0% 87.6%
FY2016 $10.8B $4.1B $3.69 $4.3B 53.5% 100.6%

Source: annual 10-K filings on SEC EDGAR. Figures in USD.

Executive summary

Mastercard is a consistent compounder, expanding top-line revenue at 13.2% annually over the past decade.

Mastercard has earned high returns on invested capital, averaging 90.2% ROIC over the available history. High ROIC is consistent with a durable franchise, but it is not by itself proof of an economic moat.

Over the decade, Mastercard shows that management has aggressively returned capital to shareholders by retiring 17.7% of outstanding shares, and that the company has leveraged its balance sheet to sustain operations.

Benjamin Graham lens

Under Benjamin Graham's formula using SEC EDGAR fundamentals, Mastercard is modeled at 15.0% normalized earnings growth with a 5.1% bond-yield adjustment. The resulting Graham intrinsic value estimate is $548.72 per share.

MA stock: frequently asked questions

What is the intrinsic value of Mastercard Inc. (MA) stock?

Using Benjamin Graham's revised formula, V = EPS × (8.5 + 2g) × 4.4 / Y, with reported diluted earnings per share, a 15.0% normalized growth rate (capped at 15%) and a 5.1% AAA corporate bond yield, MA's intrinsic value is about $548.72 per share.

Is MA stock undervalued?

At $617.42 (close on Oct 17, 2026), MA trades 13% above its Graham value of $548.72. On Graham's terms the shares look fully priced. A formula is a starting point for research, not a recommendation.

How fast has Mastercard Inc. grown?

Revenue went from $10.8B in fiscal 2016 to $32.8B in fiscal 2025, a compound annual growth rate of 13.2%. Net income was $15.0B in fiscal 2025.

Does Mastercard Inc. generate free cash flow?

Mastercard Inc. generated $17.2B of free cash flow (operating cash flow minus capital expenditures) in fiscal 2025. Free cash flow was positive in 10 of the last 10 reported years.

What is MA's return on invested capital?

Average ROIC over the last 10 fiscal years was 90.2%, and average return on equity was 134.3%. Sustained ROIC above about 15% usually points to a durable competitive advantage.

Where does this MA data come from?

From Mastercard Inc.'s annual 10-K filings on SEC EDGAR, most recently filed Jul 30, 2026. Prices are end-of-day snapshots; valuations are formula outputs, not investment advice.

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